Roads and traffic
In the coastal area, there are relatively many roads and railroads (see Fig. 29). The coastline is often the only accessible route, especially in hilly regions. Also, in areas with unstable soil, the often sandy coastline provides a stable foundation for roads. Moreover, due to economic and industrial activities along the coast, adequate transport capacity is required.

Recreational use and ecological value
The coastal area is also popular for recreation (see Fig. 30). Apart from the pleasure of swimming and sunbathing, the coast is attractive due to its ecological diversity. The combination of marine and land environments gives a unique and varied flora and fauna. Whereas in the past the ecological value of the coastal area has been reduced by population and by economic and recreational use (see Fig. 31), nowadays large coastal areas have been designated as nature reserves.