Small dune row
If a row of dunes is locally too small to withstand the design storm surge, the dunes can be widened by nourishing the areas directly behind, at the top or directly in front of the dunes. In Fig. 96a, nourishment at the back of the dune row is shown; in Fig. 96b, nourishment has taken place in front of the dunes. In the latter case, more sand is required in order to achieve the necessary widening.

Dune erosion
In stable situations, the dune erosion during storm surges (see Fig. 97) is gradually restored during calm seasons. However, if the dune erosion is (partly) permanent due to disappearance of the eroded sediment through a tidal channel, or if the coast is unstable, then the dunes can be stabilized by dune foot nourishment (see Fig. 98). Either the sand is placed against the dune, or the sand fill at the dune foot is combined with a widening of the beach, similar to the situation in Fig. 96b. In the first case, the sand will redistribute itself over the relatively steep beach. In the second case, the wide beach will give additional protection to the dunes.